The summit of Mauna Kea is the highest point in the state of Hawaii, standing at 4,205 metres above sea level. However, when measured from the floor of the Pacific Ocean it stands at more than twice the height of Mount Everest. It is one of the five volcanoes that make up Hawaii’s Big Island, although it has been inactive for the previous 4,600 years.
In traditional Hawaiian culture, all five volcanoes are considered to be sacred, with Mauna Kea the most important given its altitude. Its name means “white mountain”, describing the peak which is snow-capped in the winter months, and where Poli’ahu, the god of snow, is believed to reside.
In the past decades, Mauna Kea has become a centre for astronomical observation. The specific climate conditions lead to excellent visibility, and this has attracted 13 separate facilities to the Mauna Kea Science Reserve, which now boasts the largest telescopes in the world.
The best, and safest, way to reach the summit is by joining one of the many guided tours run in four-wheel drive vehicles. The drive to the summit takes three hours, during which you will be able to learn all about the volcano’s environment and the local history.
The height of the summit means that there is a certain risk of suffering altitude sickness. Tours will always stop at the Visitor Information Station part-way up the ascent so that you may acclimatise to the conditions. The station is open every day, and offers interactive displays and exhibits. During the day you’ll be able to look through a specially-filtered solar telescope, and a stargazing program runs every evening.
The route to the summit from this point on is over steep paths of gravel and hardened lava. Little vegetation survives at this level, and be prepared for freezing temperatures. Make sure you arrive in time to admire the most spectacular sunsets in the whole of North America, taking in views of the island and Pacific Ocean.
The access road to Mauna Kea is 45 kilometres from Hilo. Many car rental agreements prohibit you from driving to the summit, so the best option is to join a guided tour. No public transport services run to Mauna Kea, but parking is available.
